Genius though he was, Fred Hoyle has long been considered to have fouled up big time with his “Steady State” theory.
Fred never accepted the “Big Bang” concept. In fact he actually coined the term “Big Bang” as a term of derision to damn what he regarded as an unlikely scenario for the origins of the known Universe.
He himself preferred the “Steady State” as the order of things, asserting that the Universe was always much as we see it now, and that it is kept simmering as it were by the continuous creation of matter - atoms and then molecules, appearing out of nothing.
Now some years after Hoyle's death, recent research by astronomers at the University of Hamsterdamn has uncovered evidence which could support Hoyle's concept.
The Hamsterdamn researchers had fitted radio dishes to every windmill in Holland during 2008 and had electronically linked them to a central database at the University, operating the equivalent of a radio dish 200km in diameter so as to research the mysterious “dark energy”.
As all astronomers know, the observed Universe only accounts for 5% of the estimated matter therein, with the remaining mass being around 20% “dark matter” and 75% “dark energy”.
In tracking the background microwave radiation of the Universe, the researchers found evidence that the microwave radiation is expanding at the same velocity as, and in most cases ahead of, nearby galaxies.
This expansion, like a shock wave expanding from a supernova, is radiating out through the Universe, but more importantly through an interstellar medium full of dark energy in the form of a sea of hitherto undetectable sub-atomic particles, shocking such particles to combine to form atoms.
Consequently, matter is not only being created out of an apparently empty void but by a shock wave sufficiently ahead of the expanding galaxies that the gravitational effects exerted by these new masses of matter is actually attracting the galaxies following behind.
This phenomenon serves to explain the newly puzzling new discovery that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating.
As the shock wave expands, the apparent diameter of the Universe becomes greater and the mass of newly created matter becomes incrementally more massive, causing the galaxies' velocity to accelerate.
Consequently, it seems that although Hoyle was wrong about there being no such event as the Big Bang, he was right about the Steady State theory. Essentially then, a marriage of the Big Bang theory and the Steady State theory elegantly explains the state of the Universe as we see it today. Nice one Fred. You get vindicated, at least partly, at long last!